[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.domecz.cz\/nejtenci-zarovka-vyrobena-z-grafenu\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.domecz.cz\/nejtenci-zarovka-vyrobena-z-grafenu\/","headline":"Nejten\u010d\u00ed \u017e\u00e1rovka vyroben\u00e1 z grafenu","name":"Nejten\u010d\u00ed \u017e\u00e1rovka vyroben\u00e1 z grafenu","description":"Grafen, forma uhl\u00edku, kter\u00e1 je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee je siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<span class=\"more-dots\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.domecz.cz\/nejtenci-zarovka-vyrobena-z-grafenu\/\">[ ... ]<\/span><\/a>","datePublished":"2023-05-17","dateModified":"2023-05-17","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.domecz.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.domecz.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ccdd701717dc93db07d73e0c11dbbb8b91524cccc3bfbd3baea83667a3ebf5d6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/ccdd701717dc93db07d73e0c11dbbb8b91524cccc3bfbd3baea83667a3ebf5d6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"domecz.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.domecz.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a299058_w2249_t1509127392.png","url":"https:\/\/www.domecz.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a299058_w2249_t1509127392.png","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.domecz.cz\/nejtenci-zarovka-vyrobena-z-grafenu\/","wordCount":383,"articleBody":"Grafen, forma uhl\u00edku, kter\u00e1 je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee je siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ocel a vodiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e m\u011b\u010f, si m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159idat do sv\u00e9ho seznamu dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1zrak: vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed sv\u011btla. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci vyvinuli grafenov\u00fd tranzistor vyza\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed sv\u011btlo, kter\u00fd funguje stejn\u011b jako vl\u00e1kno v \u017e\u00e1rovce. Je umo\u017en\u011bno vytvo\u0159it fotonov\u00e9 obvody, kter\u00e9 se sp\u00ed\u0161e pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed na produkci sv\u011btla ne\u017e elektrick\u00e9ho proudu. Probl\u00e9m s velikost\u00ed a teplotou \u017ehavic\u00edho vl\u00e1kna, kter\u00e9 je extr\u00e9mn\u011b hork\u00e9, je odstran\u011bn p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed grafenu.Toto nov\u00e9 grafenov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je v\u0161ak tak efektivn\u00ed a drobn\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00fdsledn\u00e1 technologie by mohla nab\u00eddnout nov\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby, jak vytvo\u0159it displeje nebo studovat vysokoteplotn\u00ed jevy v mal\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159\u00edtk\u00e1ch.Kdy\u017e elektrick\u00fd proud proch\u00e1z\u00ed vl\u00e1knem \u017e\u00e1rovky &#8211; obvykle z wolframu &#8211; \u017e\u00e1rovka se zah\u0159eje a sv\u00edt\u00ed. Elektrony, kter\u00e9 se pohybuj\u00ed materi\u00e1lem, zaklapnou proti elektron\u016fm v atomu vl\u00e1kna a dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed jim energii. Tyto elektrony se vrac\u00ed do sv\u00fdch b\u00fdval\u00fdch energetick\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00ed a vyza\u0159uj\u00ed fotony (sv\u011btlo). Zastr\u010dte dostatek proudu a nap\u011bt\u00ed a vl\u00e1kno v \u017e\u00e1rovce zas\u00e1hne teplotu kolem 3000\u00b0C. To je jeden z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d \u017e\u00e1rovky bu\u010f neobsahuj\u00ed vzduch, nebo jsou napln\u011bny inertn\u00edm plynem jako je argon. P\u0159i t\u011bchto teplot\u00e1ch by wolfram reagoval s kysl\u00edkem ve vzduchu a prost\u011b by sho\u0159el.V nov\u00e9 studii v\u011bdci pou\u017e\u00edvali prou\u017eky grafenu o d\u00e9lce n\u011bkolika mikrometr\u016f a d\u00e9lky 6,5 a\u017e 14 mikrometr\u016f. Na konce ka\u017ed\u00e9ho p\u00e1su grafenu byla p\u0159ipojena elektroda. P\u0159i pr\u016fchodu proudu se, stejn\u011b jako wolframov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno, rozsv\u00edtil. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echna vysok\u00e1 teplota p\u0159i zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 ve st\u0159edu grafenu, co\u017e je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d se elektrody na koncov\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech neroztav\u00ed.Zjistit p\u0159esn\u00fd mechanismus grafenu trvalo skoro p\u011bt let. Ale cel\u00e1 v\u011bdeck\u00e1 studie okolo grafenu je p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e1 nejen pro fyziku samotnou, ale i pro mnoh\u00e1 jin\u00e1 technick\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed. Chemie a fyzika grafenu je moment\u00e1ln\u011b velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed a lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee sv\u00edtivost grafenu nebude jedinou, objevenou vlastnost\u00ed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.9\/5 - (7 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Nejten\u010d\u00ed \u017e\u00e1rovka vyroben\u00e1 z grafenu","item":"https:\/\/www.domecz.cz\/nejtenci-zarovka-vyrobena-z-grafenu\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]